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ACTIVATED CARBON FROM INDUSTRIAL SOLID WASTE AS AN ADSORBENT FOR THE REMOVAL OF RHODAMINE-B FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION: KINETIC AND EQUILIBRIUM STUDIES
(2005) Kadirvelu K; Karthika C; Vennilamani N; Pattabhi S; Department of Chemistry; Karthika C; Vennilamani N
The activated carbon was prepared using industrial solid waste called sago waste and physico-chemical properties of carbon were carried out to explore adsorption process. The effectiveness of carbon prepared from sago waste in adsorbing Rhodamine-B from aqueous solution has been studied as a function of agitation time, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, pH and desorption. Adsorption equilibrium studies were carried out in order to optimize the experimental conditions. The adsorption of Rhodamine-B onto carbon followed second order kinetic model. Adsorption data were modeled using both Langmuir and Freundlich classical adsorption isotherms. The adsorption capacity Q0 was 16.12 mg g−1 at initial pH 5.7 for the particle size 125–250 μm. The equilibrium time was found to be 150 min for 10, 20 mg l−1 and 210 min for 30, 40 mg l−1 dye concentrations, respectively. A maximum removal of 91% was obtained at natural pH 5.7 for an adsorbent dose of 100 mg/50 ml of 10 mg l−1 dye concentration and 100% removal was obtained when the pH was increased to 7 for an adsorbent dose of 275 mg/50 ml of 20 mg l−1 dye concentration. Desorption studies were carried out in water medium by varying the pH from 2 to 10. Desorption studies were performed with dilute HCl and show that ion exchange is predominant dye adsorption mechanism. This adsorbent was found to be both effective and economically viable.
THE ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK SELECTS SACCHARIDES FROM NATURAL SOURCES A PROMISE FOR POTENTIAL FIMH INHIBITOR TO PREVENT UTI INFECTIONS
(Springer Link, 2024-05) Menamadathil, Dhanalakshmi; Medha, Pandya; Damodaran, Sruthi; Rajappan Jinuraj, K; Kajari, Das; Ayushman, Gadnayak; Sushma, Dave; Muthulakshmi Andal, N; Department of Chemistry; Muthulakshmi Andal, N
The major challenge in the development of affordable medicines from natural sources is the unavailability of logical protocols to explain their mechanism of action in biological targets. FimH (Type 1 fimbrin with D-mannose specific adhesion property), a lectin on E. coli cell surface is a promising target to combat the urinary tract infection (UTI). The present study aimed at predicting the inhibitory capacity of saccharides on FimH. As mannosides are considered FimH inhibitors, the readily accessible saccharides from the PubChem collection were utilized. The artificial neural networks (ANN)-based machine learning algorithm Self-organizing map (SOM) has been successfully employed in predicting active molecules as they could discover relationships through self-organization for the ligand-based virtual screening. Docking was used for the structure-based virtual screening and molecular dynamic simulation for validation. The result revealed that the predicted molecules malonyl hexose and mannosyl glucosyl glycerate exhibit exactly similar binding interactions and better docking scores as that of the reference bioassay active, heptyl mannose. The pharmacokinetic profile matches that of the selected bioflavonoids (quercetin malonyl hexose, kaempferol malonyl hexose) and has better values than the control drug bioflavonoid, monoxerutin. Thus, these two molecules can effectively inhibit type 1 fimbrial adhesin, as antibiotics against E. coli and can be explored as a prophylactic against UTIs. Moreover, this investigation can pave the way to the exploration of the potential benefits of plant-based treatments.
ASSESSING THE ECOLOGICAL IMPACT OF PESTICIDES/HERBICIDES ON ALGAL COMMUNITIES: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
(Elsevier B.V, 2024-03) Mathiyazhagan, Narayanan; Kesavan, Devarayan; Monu, Verma; Manickam, Selvaraj; Hamed A, Ghramh; Sabariswaran, Kandasamy; Department of Biotechnology; Sabariswaran, Kandasamy
The escalating use of pesticides in agriculture for enhanced crop productivity threatens aquatic ecosystems, jeopardizing environmental integrity and human well-being. Pesticides infiltrate water bodies through runoff, chemical spills, and leachate, adversely affecting algae, vital primary producers in marine ecosystems. The repercussions cascade through higher trophic levels, underscoring the need for a comprehensive understanding of the interplay between pesticides, algae, and the broader ecosystem. Algae, susceptible to pesticides via spillage, runoff, and drift, experience disruptions in community structure and function, with certain species metabolizing and bioaccumulating these contaminants. The toxicological mechanisms vary based on the specific pesticide and algal species involved, particularly evident in herbicides' interference with photosynthetic activity in algae. Despite advancements, gaps persist in comprehending the precise toxic effects and mechanisms affecting algae and non-target species. This review consolidates information on the exposure and toxicity of diverse pesticides and herbicides to aquatic algae, elucidating underlying mechanisms. An emphasis is placed on the complex interactions between pesticides/herbicides, nutrient content, and their toxic effects on algae and microbial species. The variability in the harmful impact of a single pesticide across different algae species underscores the necessity for further research. A holistic approach considering these interactions is imperative to enhance predictions of pesticide effects in marine ecosystems. Continued research in this realm is crucial for a nuanced understanding of the repercussions of pesticides and herbicides on aquatic ecosystems, mainly algae.
AN ASSESSMENT OF METAL ABSORPTION COMPETENCE OF INDIGENOUS METAL TOLERANT BACTERIAL SPECIES- AN IN-VITRO STUDY
(Elsevier Inc, 2024-06) Anusha, P; Natarajan, D; Sumathy, Rengarajan; Saleh, Alfarraj; Sabariswaran, Kandasamy; Department of Biotechnology; Sabariswaran, Kandasamy
Heavy metals pose a serious global threat to the environment. Hence, removing hazardous metals from soil samples has become complicated over the past few years. The current work looked into the remediation of heavy metals from aqueous solutions using a bacterial community and a unique bacterium obtained from metal-contaminated soil. In this investigation, the isolates of Bacillus anthracis A1-7, Bacillus. thuringiensis A1-3, Bacillus. cereus A1-5, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa A-33 actively demonstrated metal tolerances to various tested metals. Furthermore, an in-vitro biosorption study was performed under ideal concentration. The bacterial consortia achieved the highest biosorption effectiveness for Cu & Zn, 92.7% and 90.3%, respectively. When compared with a single bacterium, the group exhibited inferior Pb biosorption (86%). Since then, P. aeruginosa A33 has had the highest Pb biosorption. Finally, a bacterial consortium has devised an intriguing strategy for eliminating Cu and Pb from the polluted medium. P. aeruginosa A33 was found to be a mighty microbe that extracts Zn from polluted water. This metal-tolerant bacterium also exhibited specific proportions of selective commercially available antibiotics, which were analyzed using the Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) Index. In conclusion, these findings indicated that bacterial consortia composed of four bacterial isolates can remove metals from a metal-polluted medium.
BIOINSPIRED MULTIFUNCTIONAL SILVER NANOPARTICLES FOR OPTICAL SENSING APPLICATIONS: A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH
(ACS Publications, 2023-11) Kshitij, RB Singh; Arunadevi, Natarajan; Shyam S, Pandey; Department of Chemistry; Arunadevi, Natarajan
Silver nanoparticles developed via biosynthesis are the most fascinating nanosized particles and encompassed with excellent physicochemical properties. The bioinspired nanoparticles with different shapes and sizes have attracted huge attention due to their stability, low cost, environmental friendliness, and use of less hazardous chemicals. This is an ideal method for synthesizing a range of nanosized metal particles from plants and biomolecules. Optical biosensors are progressively being fabricated for the attainment of sustainability by using opportunities offered by nanotechnology. This review focuses mainly on tuning the optical properties of the metal nanoparticles for optical sensing to explore the importance and applications of bioinspired silver nanoparticles. Further, this review deliberates the role of bioinspired silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) in biomedical, agricultural, environmental, and energy applications. Profound insight into the antimicrobial properties of these nanoparticles is also appreciated. Tailor-made bioinspired nanoparticles with effectuating characteristics can unsurprisingly target tumor cells and distribute enwrapped payloads intensively. Existing challenges and prospects of bioinspired Ag NPs are also summarized. This review is expected to deliver perceptions about the progress of the next generation of bioinspired Ag NPs and their outstanding performances in various fields by promoting sustainable practices for fabricating optical sensing devices.
BIOSYNTHESIS AND BIODEGRADATION OF POLY(3-HYDROXYBUTYRATE) FROM PRIESTIA FLEXA; A PROMISING MANGROVE HALOPHYTE TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINABLE ECO-FRIENDLY BIOPLASTICS
(Elsevier GmbH, 2023-02) Nayana, Chathalingath; Joshua, Stephen Kingsly; Anbarasi, Gunasekar; Department of Biotechnology; Anbarasi, Gunasekar
The protracted persistence of petrochemical plastics in the environment and their non-biodegradability impede the survival of living creatures. Recently, biopolymers are being thoroughly researched as a potential replacement for conventional plastics. This present study sought to locate Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) synthesizing bacterial species prevalent in the mangrove ecosystem. Six halophilic bacterial isolates were obtained from the mangrove habitat, four isolates displayed superior cell dry weight as well as PHB accumulation. Isolate PMPHB5 showed the highest cell dry weight (4.92 ± 0.02 g/L), while the maximum PHA yield (80%) was found with PMPHB7. Hence, PMPHB7 was chosen for further optimization of carbon source wherein glucose demonstrated improved cell growth as well as PHB production. The characterization of the PHB granules was performed by FT-IR spectroscopy and FE-SEM EDX. The presence of characteristic elements in the sample was confirmed using EDX. Isolate PMPHB7 was further identified as Priestia flexa through 16S rRNA gene sequencing (GenBank accession number: ON362236) and a phylogenetic tree was constructed to reveal the molecular relationships of this organism with others. The solvent-cast biopolymer film was made to check the biodegradability of the extracted PHB. When buried in soil, it was found that the biopolymer film exhibited approximately 73% biodegradation after 21 days. Thus, the present study sheds light on the potential of mangrove-associated halophytes to efficiently produce PHB that is readily biodegradable in soil.
CHITOSAN-BASED INSECTICIDE FORMULATIONS FOR INSECT PEST CONTROL MANAGEMENT: A REVIEW OF CURRENT TRENDS AND CHALLENGES
(Elsevier B.V, 2024-09) Kannan, Mohan; Sabariswaran, Kandasamy; Jayakumar, Rajarajeswaran; Thanigaivel, Sundaram; Marko, Bjeljac; Ramya Preethi, Surendran; Abirami Ramu, Ganesan; Department of Biotechnology; Sabariswaran, Kandasamy
Future agricultural practices necessitate green alternatives to replace hazardous insecticides while distinguishing between pests and beneficial insects. Chitosan, as a biological macromolecule derived from chitin, is biodegradable and exhibits low toxicity to non-target organisms, making it a sustainable alternative to synthetic pesticides. This review identifies chitosan-derivatives for insecticidal activity and highlights its efficacy including genotoxicity, defense mechanism, and disruption of insect's exoskeleton at different concentrations against several insect pests. Similarly, synergistic effects of chitosan in combination with natural extracts, essential oils, and plant-derived compounds, enhances insecticidal action against various pests was evaluated. The chitosan-based insecticide formulations (CHIF) in the form of emulsions, microcapsules, and nanoparticles showed efficient insecticide action on the targeted pests with less environmental impact. The current challenges associated with the field-trial application were also recognized, by optimizing potent CHIF-formulation parameters, scaling-up process, and regulatory hurdles addressed alongside potential solutions. These findings will provide insight into achieving the EU mission of reducing chemical pesticides by 50 %.
CHLORINE-FREE EXTRACTION AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CELLULOSE NANOFIBERS FROM WASTE HUSK OF MILLET (PENNISETUM GLAUCUM)
(Elsevier B.V, 2022-05) Midhun Dominic, C D; Vandita, Raj; Neenu, K V; Sabura Begum, P M; Krzysztof, Formela; Mohammad, Reza Saeb; Deepak D, Prabhu; Poornima Vijayan, P; Ajithkumar, T G; Jyotishkumar, Parameswaranpillai; Department of Chemistry; Vandita, Raj
This study aims to extract cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) from a sustainable source, i.e. millet husk, which is an agro-waste worthy of consideration. Pre-treatments such as mercerisation, steam explosion, and peroxide bleaching (chlorine-free) were applied for the removal of non-cellulosic components. The bleached millet husk pulp was subjected to acid hydrolysis (5% oxalic acid) followed by homogenization to extract CNFs. The extracted CNFs were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Thermogravimetry (TG and DTG), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Solid state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (solid state 13C NMR). The isolated CNFs show a typical cellulose type-I structure with a diameter of 10-12 nm and a crystallinity index of 58.5%. The appearance of the specific peak at 89.31 ppm in the solid state 13C NMR spectra validates the existence of the type-I cellulose phase in the prepared CNFs. The prepared CNFs had a maximum degradation temperature (Tmax) of 341 °C, that was 31 °C greater than raw millet husk (RMH). The outcome of the study implies that the nanofibers are prominent alternatives for synthetic fibers for assorted potential applications, especially in manufacturing green composites.
THE COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON 3D PRINTING- PHARMACEUTICAL DRUG DELIVERY AND PERSONALIZED FOOD AND NUTRITION
(Elsevier Ltd, 2024-11) Meenakshi, Murugan; Selva Kumar, Ramasamy; Geetha, Venkatesan; Jintae, Lee; Selvaraj, Barathi; Sabariswaran, Kandasamy; Prakash Kumar Sarangi; Department of Biotechnology; Sabariswaran, Kandasamy
Three-dimensional printing is one of the emerging technologies that is gaining interest from the pharmaceutical industry as it provides an opportunity to customize drugs according to each patient's needs. Combining different active pharmaceutical ingredients, using different geometries, and providing sustained release enhances the effectiveness of medicine. One of the most innovative uses of 3D printing is producing fabrics, medical devices, medical implants, orthoses, and prostheses. This review summarizes the various 3D printing techniques such as stereolithography, inkjet printing, thermal inkjet printing, fused deposition modelling, extrusion printing, semi-solid extrusion printing, selective laser sintering, and hot-melt extrusion. Also, discusses the drug relies profile and its mechanisms, characteristics, and applications of the most common types of 3D printed API formulations and its recent development. Here, Authors also, summarizes the central flow of 3D food printing process and knowledge extension toward personalized nutrition.
CORROSION INHIBITION PROPERTY OF POLYESTER-GROUNDNUT SHELL BIODEGRADABLE COMPOSITE
(Elsevier Inc, 2016-12) Sounthari, P; Kiruthika, A; Saranya, J; Parameswari, K; Chitra, S; Department of Chemistry; Parameswari, K; Chitra, S
The use of natural fibers as reinforcing materials in thermoplastics and thermoset matrix composites provide optimistic environmental profits with regard to ultimate disposability and better use of raw materials. The present work is focused on the corrosion inhibition property of a polymer matrix composite produced by the use of groundnut shell (GNS) waste. Polyester (PE) was synthesized by condensation polymerization of symmetrical 1,3,4-oxadiazole and pimelic acid using sodium lauryl sulfate as surfactant. The polyester-groundnut shell composite (PEGNS) was prepared by ultrasonication method. The synthesized polyester-groundnut shell composite was characterized by FT-IR, TGA and XRD analysis. The corrosion inhibitory effect of PEGNS on mild steel in 1M H2SO4 was investigated using gravimetric method, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization, atomic absorption spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that PEGNS inhibited mild steel corrosion in acid solution and indicated that the inhibition efficiency increased with increasing inhibitor concentration and decrease with increasing temperature. The composite inhibited the corrosion of mild steel through adsorption following the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Changes in the impedance parameters Rt, Cdl, Icorr, Ecorr, ba and bc suggested the adsorption of PEGNS onto the mild steel surface, leading to the formation of protective film.
A CRITICAL REVIEW ON EXTRACTION AND ANALYTICAL METHODS OF PHTHALATES IN WATER AND BEVERAGES
(Elsevier B.V, 2022-07) Amritha, P S; Veena, Vinod; Harathi, P B; Department of Zoology; Harathi, P B; Amritha, P S
Phthalates (PAEs) are the class of lipophilic chemicals, which are used as additives in the manufacturing of plastics. It results in presence of PAEs in water and beverages because of their migration capacity. Their presence has attracted considerable attention due to their potential impacts on ecosystem functioning and public health. In addition, an enormous number of research articles have been published between 2000 and 2020, which have been identified and their results have been tabulated displaying PAEs analyzed, matrices, sample preparation, analytical method used, the limit of detection (LOD), and recovery percentages. Numerous sample preparation and analytical methods are found which are suitable for the reliable determination of the PAEs. The analysis of the PAEs is difficult due to their ubiquitous presence and their complexity, therefore suitable precautions, should be taken into account. In this review, we provide an overview of various pre-treatment measures and detection methods for PAEs in several types of water and beverages, mainly focusing on the last 20 years published works have been discussed. Pre-treatment methods mainly include liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), solid-phase extraction (SPE), solid-phase microextraction (SPME), liquid-phase microextraction (LPME), and many more rare techniques. Chromatographic and non-chromatographic techniques coupled with or without diodes, spectrophotometers, and detectors, have been described. The concept of "green analytical chemistry" for PAE determination has also been discussed. Hereby, the limitations and challenges in these applications are also included.
DECIPHERING THE IMPORTANCE OF NANOENCAPSULATION TO IMPROVE THE AVAILABILITY OF BIOACTIVE MOLECULES IN FOOD SOURCES TO THE HUMAN BODY
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025-02) Arivalagan Pugazhendhi; Mohammed Ali Alshehri; Sabariswaran Kandasamy; Prakash Kumar Sarangi; Ashutosh Sharma; Department of Biotechnology; Sabariswaran Kandasamy
Various bodily functions are maintained, and health benefits are provided by food-derived bioactive components. Fruits and vegetables contain numerous beneficial components, including vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, enzymes, and phytonutrients. However, the body's ability to absorb these substances at a given rate and degree frequently limits their bioavailability. If food-derived bio actives are used as therapeutic or dietary interventions, this limitation can result in low efficacy and suboptimal results. Recently, nanotechnology has been a useful method for increasing the bioavailability of bioactive compounds produced from food. Active ingredients can be delivered and absorbed more efficiently with the help of nanotechnology. By altering their size or surface properties, bioactive components can be made more soluble, permeable, and bioavailable through nanotechnology. The present review will provide an overview of the various bioactive components, the application of nanotechnology to improve the availability of bioactive molecules to humans and animals, and the challenges and safety concerns associated with nanotechnology in the production of food-derived bioactive molecules.
EFFECTIVELY CONTROLLING NIR EMISSIVE PROPERTY AND THE ESIPT BEHAVIOR OF MODIFIED STYRYL DYES BY ATOMIC SUBSTITUENT: DFT/TD-DFT APPROACH
(Springer Nature., 2025) Shilpa Taneja; Selva Kumar Ramasamy; Bhawna Pareek; Geetha Venkatesan; Govindasami Periyasami; Dineshkumar Sengottuvelu; Department of Chemistry; Geetha Venkatesan
Recent literature on biosensing and bioimaging has explored excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) cyanide dyes. These classes of fluorescence dyes generally use the classical pyridinium or indolium cations acceptor units' styrene with the ESIPT core. This work studied the photophysical and ESIPT kinetics of novel flavylium cation as an acceptor unit styrene with an ESIPT core using DFT/TD-DFT calculations. Two new ESIPT cyanine dyes, namely (E)-4-(3-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxystyryl)-7-(dimethylamino)-2-phenyl chromenylium (PSS) and (E)-4-(3-(benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxystyryl)-7-(dimethylamino)-2-phenylchromenylium (PSO) were designed and fully studies. This is concerned with studying changes in intramolecular hydrogen bonds, molecular orbitals at the frontier of the ESIPT process, absorption and fluorescence spectra, and excited state energy barriers. As a result, both the systems considered here can undergo an ultrafast ESIPT reaction with PSS and then PSO. Furthermore, ESIPT is more accessible in the normal enol-form first excited singlet (S1) state, with shorter hydrogen bonds. The intersystem crossing between the S1 state and the triplet (T1) state greatly influences the fluorescence efficiency of PSO and PSS. The potential energy curve and transition state energy profiles of PSS and PSO show that ultrafast ESIPT occurs in the state. Furthermore, the PSS shows less energy barriers, which leads to faster proton transfer than PSO. The current study will advance knowledge of the mechanism behind the ESIPT process and help enhance the qualities of the cyanine dye used in ESIPT.
AN EFFICIENT NEW DUAL FLUORESCENT PYRENE BASED CHEMOSENSOR FOR THE DETECTION OF BISMUTH (III) AND ALUMINIUM (III) IONS AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN BIO-IMAGING
(Elsevier B.V, 2019-06) Arjunan, Saravanan; Selvaraj, Shyamsivappan; Thangaraj, Suresh; Gopalan, Subashini; Krishna, Kadirvelu; Nanjan, Bhuvanesh; Raju, Nandhakumar; Palathurai, Subramaniam Mohan; Department of Chemistry; Gopalan, Subashini
A new simple pyrene based schiff base chemosensor 1 (nicotinic acid pyren-1-ylmethylene-hydrazide) has been constructed and is prepared from 1-pyrenecarboxaldehyde and nicotinic hydrazide. Notably, the chemosensor 1 exhibited remarkable colour changes while in the presence of trivalent metal ions like Bi3+ & Al3+ ion in DMSO-H2O, (1:1 v/v, HEPES = 50 mM, pH = 7.4). The UV-Vis spectral investigation of chemosensor 1 showed that the maximum absorption peak appeared at 378 nm. In emission studies, chemosensor 1 develops weak fluorescence, while upon the addition of Bi3+ and Al3+ ions, it exhibits an enhancement of fluorescence intensity. Nevertheless, rest of metal ions have no changes in the emission spectra. The association constant of chemosensor 1 for binding to Bi3+ & Al3+ system had a value of 1.27 × 104 M-1 and 1.53 × 104 M-1. The detection limits were 0.12 µM for Bi3+ and 0.17 µM for Al3+ respectively. The overall results reveal that chemosensor 1 can act as a dual-channel, highly selective, and sensitive probe for Bi3+ and Al3+ ions. Moreover, the fluorescence imaging of chemosensor 1 was applied in RAW 264.7 cell line and cytotoxicity assay prove that this chemosensor 1 is non-toxic as well as highly biocompatible.
ELUCIDATING THE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERISTICS OF BACTERIAL BLIGHT INCITANT XANTHOMONAS AUXONOPODIS PV. PUNICAE; A LIFE THREATENING PHYTOPATHOGEN OF POMEGRANATE (PUNICA GRANATUM. L) AND ASSESSMENT OF H2O2 ACCUMULATION DURING HOST-PATHOGEN INTERACTION
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023-09) Nayana, Chathalingath; Anbarasi, Gunasekar; Department of Biotechnology; Anbarasi, Gunasekar
Bacterial blight of pomegranate caused by Xanthomonas auxonopodis pv.punicae (Xap) threaten the existence of a group of farmers for the past few decades who rely on pomegranate cultivation for their livelihood since it will cause huge yield loss. The primary focus of this study was to conduct a thorough analysis of the characterization of this blight incitant Xap. Physiological, biochemical, and molecular characteristics of six phytopathogenic strains of Xap, designated as PBF1 (PBF: Pomegranate Blight Fruit), PBF2, PBF3, PBF4, PBF5, and PBF6, isolated from the infected fruits were examined. Bacterial colonies were featured as gram-negative, yellow-pigmented circular with a glistening appearance. An attempt to determine the best culture medium, favouring bacterial proliferation was successfully done with four distinct medium, Nutrient Glucose Agar (NGA), Nutrient sucrose Agar (NSA), Yeast Dextrose Calcium Carbonate Agar (YDCA) and Yeast Glucose Calcium Carbonate Agar (YGCA) and comparatively, significant growth was found in NGA (66.66%) followed by YDCA (33%). According to the antibiotic susceptibility results, both ampicillin and streptomycin were determined as potentially effective drugs in preventing the proliferation of Xap (P 0.05). The reactive oxygen species-mediated plant immune response during host-pathogen interaction was confirmed by accessing the presence of H2O2 accumulation in infected leaves via 3,3 - diaminobenzidine (DAB) -staining technique. Bacterial isolates from this study were confirmed by two universal constitutive genes such as gyrB and 16S rRNA. From the BLAST analysis, the isolates were identified as Xap with base pair lengths of 1408bp, 1180bp, and 1159bp, which correspond to PBF1, PBF2, and PBF3, respectively. A neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree study explaining a strong phylogenetic relationship between the query sequence and closely related bacterial species.
ENHANCED HYDROGEN STORAGE OF ALKALINE EARTH METAL-DECORATED BN (N = 3-14) NANOCLUSTERS: A DFT STUDY
(Springer Link, 2024-01) Parimala Devi, Duraisamy; Prince Makarios Paul, S; Praveena, Gopalan; Abiram, Angamuthu; Department of Physics; Praveena, Gopalan
Boron-based nanostructures hold significant promise for revolutionizing hydrogen storage technologies due to their exceptional properties and potential in efficiently accommodating and interacting with hydrogen molecules. In this paper, boron-based Bn (n = 3-14) nanoclusters decorated with alkaline earth metals (AEM = Ca and Be) were investigated for hydrogen storage applications based on density function theory (DFT) calculations. To evaluate H2 adsorption capability, the adsorption energies, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), natural bond orbital (NBO), and quantum theory of atoms in molecule (QTAIM) analysis are performed. The primary aim of this research work is to achieve targeted value of 5.5 wt% set by the US Department of Energy (DOE) for the year 2025. The results revealed that B5Ca2, B6Ca2, and B10Ca2 structures have the ability to hold up to 12H2 molecules with gravimetric capacities of 15.20, 14.21, and 8.60 wt%, respectively, when compared to other boron structures decorated with calcium. Similarly, for Be-decorated structure, B3Be2 structure can accommodate 3H2 molecules with gravimetric capacity of 10.59 wt%. The result of this study indicates that AEM-decorated Bn nanoclusters hold great promise as potential materials for hydrogen storage.
EVALUATION OF CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF FE DOPED COBALT OXIDE NANOPARTICLES
(Elsevier GmbH, 2022-03) Jincy, C S; Meena, P; Department of Physics; Meena, P
This contribution of work describes a new strategy for manufacturing cobalt oxide nanoparticles and the results assured that, its efficiency was increased by adding Fe ions. The anticancer drugs usually have a limited medical value owing to their nonspecific cytotoxicity. It has been proven that by using the nanosystems to deliver tablets to tumour cells reduces the toxic quality. Because of these qualities, nanoparticles can be used as a stronger rival for potent cancer treatment.
EVALUATION OF THE SYNTHESIZED NOVEL IRIDIUM (III) COMPLEXES AGAINST HELA CELL LINES THROUGH IN-SILICO, IN-VITRO AND DNA NICKING
(Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention, 2021-02) Priyadarshini, G. Sathya; Muthusankar, Aathi; Subramani, Ramesh; Gopal, Selvi; Department of Chemistry; Department of Food Processing Technology and Management; Priyadarshini, G. Sathya; Subramani, Ramesh; Gopal, Selvi
Globally, the pharmaceutical industry is continuously driven in search of new anticancer drugs due to increasing rate of cancer patients. Clinical trials of Cisplatin has been explored, however, usage of Cisplatin as a drug is limited due to its various side effects, hence, alternative to platinum based complex drugs and its analogues are needed. Iridium complexes have been attracted widespread interests by virtue of their pharmacological and photo-physical properties; however the less number of complexes was reported in the literature. In this article, a new series of novel Iridium (III) complexes were synthesized using substituted quinoline Schiff Base (SB) ligands and characterized by spectroscopic techniques. The in- vitro cyto-toxicity assay showed that the Iridium (III) complex activity is equal to standard Cisplatin. In addition, computational docking studies have shown that the prominent binding sites for synthesized complexes against HeLa cell lines, which is comparable with standard Cisplatin drugs and other Ruthenium complexes.
EXPLORING QUERCETIN BASED NANO FORMULATION IN COMBATING HUMAN METAPNEUMOVIRUS INFECTIONS
(Elsevier B.V, 2025) Veluswamy Bhuvaneshwari; Ramasamy Amsaveni; Department of Biotechnology; Veluswamy Bhuvaneshwari
Human Metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a significant respiratory pathogen, particularly affecting children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. Despite its clinical impact, there are currently no approved vaccines or specific antiviral treatments for hMPV, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies. Quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid with well-documented antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties, has shown promising potential in combating hMPV infections. However, its poor bioavailability limits its therapeutic efficacy. Recent advancements in nanotechnology offer a solution through quercetin-based nanoformulations, which enhance its solubility, stability, and bioavailability, thereby improving its antiviral potency. Molecular docking studies have demonstrated strong interactions between quercetin and the hMPV matrix protein, suggesting its role in inhibiting viral replication. Additionally, quercetin modulates oxidative stress and inflammatory responses by suppressing key pathways such as NF-κB and IRF-3, reducing lung damage associated with hMPV infections. In vitro and in vivo studies indicate that quercetin-loaded nanoparticles effectively decrease viral titers and inflammatory markers. Given its natural origin, safety profile, and therapeutic potential, quercetin-based nanoformulations emerge as a promising candidate for hMPV treatment. Further clinical trials are required to validate their efficacy and optimize formulations for potential clinical application.
FDA-APPROVED CHIMERIC ANTIGEN RECEPTOR (CAR)-T CELL THERAPY FOR DIFFERENT CANCERS-A RECENT PERSPECTIVE
(Springer Nature, 2025) R. Thirumalaisamy; S. Vasuki; S. M. Sindhu; T. M. Mothilal; V. Srimathi; Department of Biotechnology; S. M. Sindhu
Cancer is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world, and their rate of occurence has been increased in recent decades. Current review article, summarizes the novel treatment options Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T (CAR-T) cell therapy for various cancers constitute a major health and development challenge, impacting every aspect of sustainable development quoted by goal 3 good health and well-being of UN sustainable goals. WHO estimates that 70% of cancer deaths occur in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs) by 2030, LMICs are expected to bear the brunt of the expected 24.1 million new cancer cases per year. This current review article focuses and discussed about CAR-T cell therapy for various cancers against most prevalent non-communicable disease cancer disease stipulated by WHO and UN sustainable goals. Three literature databases Google scholar, Science Direct, PubMed was utilized to search and collect CAR-T cell treatment options for different cancers published articles sources in between January 2000 and December 2023. There were a total of 18,700 papers found, with 48 of them being found to be eligible focusing various cancer treatment by CAR-T cells utilized for the study. Based on the information gathered, CAR-T cell therapy treating different cancers and their merit and its advantages in heal and improve certain cancers was also discussed in this review article with their detailed molecular mechanisms. This article also gives an insight to utilize CAR-T cell treatment protocols for rejuvenating cancer patient from such ruthless cancer disease condition thereby improving life span of cancer patients and eradication of disease in some cases.