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UTILIZATION OF VARIOUS AGRICULTURAL WASTES FOR ACTIVATED CARBON PREPARATION AND APPLICATION FOR THE REMOVAL OF DYES AND METAL IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
(Elsevier, 2003) Kadirvelu K; Kavipriya M; Karthika C; Radhika M; Vennilamani N; Pattabhi S; Department of Chemistry; Karthika C
Activated carbons were prepared from the agricultural solid wastes, silk cotton hull, coconut tree sawdust, sago waste, maize cob and banana pith and used to eliminate heavy metals and dyes from aqueous solution. Adsorption of all dyes and metal ions required a very short time and gave quantitative removal. Experimental results show all carbons were effective for the removal of pollutants from water. Since all agricultural solid wastes used in this investigation are freely, abundantly and locally available, the resulting carbons are expected to be economically viable for wastewater treatment.
ACTIVATED CARBON FROM INDUSTRIAL SOLID WASTE AS AN ADSORBENT FOR THE REMOVAL OF RHODAMINE-B FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION: KINETIC AND EQUILIBRIUM STUDIES
(2005) Kadirvelu K; Karthika C; Vennilamani N; Pattabhi S; Department of Chemistry; Karthika C; Vennilamani N
The activated carbon was prepared using industrial solid waste called sago waste and physico-chemical properties of carbon were carried out to explore adsorption process. The effectiveness of carbon prepared from sago waste in adsorbing Rhodamine-B from aqueous solution has been studied as a function of agitation time, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, pH and desorption. Adsorption equilibrium studies were carried out in order to optimize the experimental conditions. The adsorption of Rhodamine-B onto carbon followed second order kinetic model. Adsorption data were modeled using both Langmuir and Freundlich classical adsorption isotherms. The adsorption capacity Q0 was 16.12 mg g−1 at initial pH 5.7 for the particle size 125–250 μm. The equilibrium time was found to be 150 min for 10, 20 mg l−1 and 210 min for 30, 40 mg l−1 dye concentrations, respectively. A maximum removal of 91% was obtained at natural pH 5.7 for an adsorbent dose of 100 mg/50 ml of 10 mg l−1 dye concentration and 100% removal was obtained when the pH was increased to 7 for an adsorbent dose of 275 mg/50 ml of 20 mg l−1 dye concentration. Desorption studies were carried out in water medium by varying the pH from 2 to 10. Desorption studies were performed with dilute HCl and show that ion exchange is predominant dye adsorption mechanism. This adsorbent was found to be both effective and economically viable.
UTILIZATION OF MODIFIED SILK COTTON HULL WASTE AS AN ADSORBENT FOR THE REMOVAL OF TEXTILE DYE (REACTIVE BLUE MR) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION
(Elsevier, 2007-04) Thangamani, K S; Sathishkumar, M; Sameena, Y; Vennilamani, N; Kadirvelu, K; Pattabhi, S; Yun, S E; Department of Chemistry; Vennilamani, N
Carbon prepared from silk cotton hull was used to remove a textile dye (reactive blue MR) from aqueous solution by an adsorption technique under varying conditions of agitation time, dye concentration, adsorbent dose and pH. Adsorption depended on solution pH, dye concentration, carbon concentration and contact time. Equilibrium was attained with in 60 min. Adsorption followed both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The adsorption capacity was found to be 12.9 mg/g at an initial pH of 2+/-0.2 for the particle size of 125-250 microm at room temperature (30+/-2 degrees C).
IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF HIBISCUS ROSA-SINENSIS FLOWER EXTRACT AGAINST HUMAN PATHOGENS
(Asian Pacific Tropical Biomedicine Press, 2012) Ruban P; Gajalakshmi K; Department of Biotechnology; Gajalakshmi K
To access the in vitro antibacterial activity of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (H. rosa- sinensis)flower extract against human pathogens. Methods: Antibacterial activity was evaluated by using disc and agar diffusion methods. The protein was run through poly acrylmide gel electrophoresis to view their protein profile. Results: The results showed that the cold extraction illustrates a maximum zone of inhibition against Bacillus subtillis (B. subtillis), Escherichia coli (E. coli) viz., (17.00 ± 2.91), (14.50 ± 1.71) mm, followed by hot extraction against, E. coli, Salmonella sp. as (11.66 ± 3.14), (10.60 ± 3.09) mm. In methanol extraction showed a highest zone of inhibition recorded against B. subtillis, E. coli as (18.86 ± 0.18), (18.00 ± 1.63) mm pursued by ethanol extraction showed utmost zone of inhibition recorded against Salmonella sp. at (20.40 ± 1.54) mm. The crude protein from flower showed a maximum inhibitory zone observed against Salmonella sp., E. coli viz., (16.55 ± 1.16), (14.30 ± 2.86) mm. The flower material can be taken as an alternative source of antibacterial agent against the human pathogens. Conclusions: The extracts of the H. rosasinensis are proved to have potential antibacterial activity, further studies are highly need for thedrug development.
CORROSION INHIBITION PROPERTY OF POLYESTER-GROUNDNUT SHELL BIODEGRADABLE COMPOSITE
(Elsevier Inc, 2016-12) Sounthari, P; Kiruthika, A; Saranya, J; Parameswari, K; Chitra, S; Department of Chemistry; Parameswari, K; Chitra, S
The use of natural fibers as reinforcing materials in thermoplastics and thermoset matrix composites provide optimistic environmental profits with regard to ultimate disposability and better use of raw materials. The present work is focused on the corrosion inhibition property of a polymer matrix composite produced by the use of groundnut shell (GNS) waste. Polyester (PE) was synthesized by condensation polymerization of symmetrical 1,3,4-oxadiazole and pimelic acid using sodium lauryl sulfate as surfactant. The polyester-groundnut shell composite (PEGNS) was prepared by ultrasonication method. The synthesized polyester-groundnut shell composite was characterized by FT-IR, TGA and XRD analysis. The corrosion inhibitory effect of PEGNS on mild steel in 1M H2SO4 was investigated using gravimetric method, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization, atomic absorption spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that PEGNS inhibited mild steel corrosion in acid solution and indicated that the inhibition efficiency increased with increasing inhibitor concentration and decrease with increasing temperature. The composite inhibited the corrosion of mild steel through adsorption following the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Changes in the impedance parameters Rt, Cdl, Icorr, Ecorr, ba and bc suggested the adsorption of PEGNS onto the mild steel surface, leading to the formation of protective film.
AN EFFICIENT NEW DUAL FLUORESCENT PYRENE BASED CHEMOSENSOR FOR THE DETECTION OF BISMUTH (III) AND ALUMINIUM (III) IONS AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN BIO-IMAGING
(Elsevier B.V, 2019-06) Arjunan, Saravanan; Selvaraj, Shyamsivappan; Thangaraj, Suresh; Gopalan, Subashini; Krishna, Kadirvelu; Nanjan, Bhuvanesh; Raju, Nandhakumar; Palathurai, Subramaniam Mohan; Department of Chemistry; Gopalan, Subashini
A new simple pyrene based schiff base chemosensor 1 (nicotinic acid pyren-1-ylmethylene-hydrazide) has been constructed and is prepared from 1-pyrenecarboxaldehyde and nicotinic hydrazide. Notably, the chemosensor 1 exhibited remarkable colour changes while in the presence of trivalent metal ions like Bi3+ & Al3+ ion in DMSO-H2O, (1:1 v/v, HEPES = 50 mM, pH = 7.4). The UV-Vis spectral investigation of chemosensor 1 showed that the maximum absorption peak appeared at 378 nm. In emission studies, chemosensor 1 develops weak fluorescence, while upon the addition of Bi3+ and Al3+ ions, it exhibits an enhancement of fluorescence intensity. Nevertheless, rest of metal ions have no changes in the emission spectra. The association constant of chemosensor 1 for binding to Bi3+ & Al3+ system had a value of 1.27 × 104 M-1 and 1.53 × 104 M-1. The detection limits were 0.12 µM for Bi3+ and 0.17 µM for Al3+ respectively. The overall results reveal that chemosensor 1 can act as a dual-channel, highly selective, and sensitive probe for Bi3+ and Al3+ ions. Moreover, the fluorescence imaging of chemosensor 1 was applied in RAW 264.7 cell line and cytotoxicity assay prove that this chemosensor 1 is non-toxic as well as highly biocompatible.
UV-VIS ABSORPTION SPECTRA OF SN(IV)TETRAKIS(4-PYRIDYL) PORPHYRINS ON THE BASIS OF AXIAL LIGATION AND PYRIDINE PROTONATION
(Springer Link, 2019-09) Pavithra, Jayachandran; Abiram, Angamuthu; Praveena, Gopalan; Department of Physics; Praveena, Gopalan
The present study highlights the structural and electronic spectra of Sn(IV)tetrakis(4-pyridyl) porphyrins (SnTP) using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The impact of axial ligands (OH-, Cl-, and H2O) and protonation at pyridine sites on the excitation properties of SnTP is also explored. The considered SnTPs were optimized at B3LYP/6-31+G* level of theory with LANL2DZ basis set for Sn metal. The effects of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and dimethylformamide (DMF) solvents were also assessed employing conductor-like polarizable continuum (C-PCM) model. The observed structural effects correlate well with the experimental data and clearly depict the impact of axial ligands on the SnTP ring. The absorption spectra along with the frontier orbitals in all three phases show noticeable dependence of axial ligation on the photophysical properties of SnTPs. The transition character of molecular orbitals and their respective density of states (DOS) were explored to infer the orbitals involved in electronic transitions. Graphical abstract The structural and electronic spectra of Sn(IV)tetrakis(4-pyridyl) porphyrins (SnTP) were examined using time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). Axial ligation and pyridine protonation significantly affects the absorption properties of Sn complexes. The overall results suggest the application of [(OH-)Sn (OH-)TP] and [(Cl-)Sn (Cl-)TP] as photosensitizers.
TOWARDS MIMICKING THE FETAL LIVER NICHE: THE INFLUENCE OF ELASTICITY AND OXYGEN TENSION ON HEMATOPOIETIC STEM/PROGENITOR CELLS CULTURED IN 3D FIBRIN HYDROGELS
(MDPI, 2020-09) Christian, Garcia-Abrego; Samantha, Zaunz; Burak, Toprakhisar; Ramesh, Subramani; Olivier, Deschaume; Stijn, Jooken; Manmohan, Bajaj; Herman, Ramon; Catherine, Verfaillie; Carmen, Bartic
Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) are responsible for the generation of blood cells throughout life. It is believed that, in addition to soluble cytokines and niche cells, biophysical cues like elasticity and oxygen tension are responsible for the orchestration of stem cell fate. Although several studies have examined the effects of bone marrow (BM) niche elasticity on HSPC behavior, no study has yet investigated the effects of the elasticity of other niche sites like the fetal liver (FL), where HSPCs expand more extensively. In this study, we evaluated the effect of matrix stiffness values similar to those of the FL on BM-derived HSPC expansion. We first characterized the elastic modulus of murine FL tissue at embryonic day E14.5. Fibrin hydrogels with similar stiffness values as the FL (soft hydrogels) were compared with stiffer fibrin hydrogels (hard hydrogels) and with suspension culture. We evaluated the expansion of total nucleated cells (TNCs), Lin-/cKit+ cells, HSPCs (Lin-/Sca+/cKit+ (LSK) cells), and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs: LSK- Signaling Lymphocyte Activated Molecule (LSK-SLAM) cells) when cultured in 5% O2 (hypoxia) or in normoxia. After 10 days, there was a significant expansion of TNCs and LSK cells in all culture conditions at both levels of oxygen tension. LSK cells expanded more in suspension culture than in both fibrin hydrogels, whereas TNCs expanded more in suspension culture and in soft hydrogels than in hard hydrogels, particularly in normoxia. The number of LSK-SLAM cells was maintained in suspension culture and in the soft hydrogels but not in the hard hydrogels. Our results indicate that both suspension culture and fibrin hydrogels allow for the expansion of HSPCs and more differentiated progeny whereas stiff environments may compromise LSK-SLAM cell expansion. This suggests that further research using softer hydrogels with stiffness values closer to the FL niche is warranted.
FE2O3/POLYANILINE SUPRAMOLECULAR NANOCOMPOSITE: A RECEPTOR FREE SENSOR PLATFORM FOR THE QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF SERUM CREATININE
(Elsevier B.V, 2020-11) Sriramprabha, R; Sekar, M; Revathi, R; Viswanathan, C; Wilson, J; Department of Chemistry; Revathi, R
Precise estimation of Creatinine (CRE) is an indispensable analysis used in the clinical settings for early stage detection of kidney dysfunction. In the present work, we described the non-enzymatic detection of serum CRE using ellipsoidal nanostructured Fe2O3 integrated polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposite sensor platform. Hydrothermally derived Fe2O3 was distributed on the PANI matrices to form supramolecular nanocomposite via simple oxidative polymerization method. The Fe2O3 coordinated PANI composite showed better complex formation ability towards CRE with improved active surface area and charge transfer efficiency compared to pristine Fe2O3 and PANI. Further, the scan rate analysis confirmed the quasi-reversible diffusion controlled electrochemical kinetics of the reaction. The differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) outcomes evidenced the higher sensitivity with wide linear detection range (1 μM -13 mM), lower detection limit (144 nM) and enhanced selectivity. The blood serum sample analysis of pre and post dialysis patients ensured that our prepared Fe2O3/PANI-1 composite exhibited better recovery percentage (91.9%) and Bland-Altman plot showed statistical bias is laid within the 95% confidence interval (CI). The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) index calculated from Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation from our experimental results and the values have been validated with the commercial Jafee's method. The overall analysis confirmed that the prepared Fe2O3/PANI nanocomposite modified electrode has improved sensitivity and selectivity towards target molecule without the aid of any bio receptors and binders in real time CRE quantification with better accuracy.
EVALUATION OF THE SYNTHESIZED NOVEL IRIDIUM (III) COMPLEXES AGAINST HELA CELL LINES THROUGH IN-SILICO, IN-VITRO AND DNA NICKING
(Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention, 2021-02) Priyadarshini, G. Sathya; Muthusankar, Aathi; Subramani, Ramesh; Gopal, Selvi; Department of Chemistry; Department of Food Processing Technology and Management; Priyadarshini, G. Sathya; Subramani, Ramesh; Gopal, Selvi
Globally, the pharmaceutical industry is continuously driven in search of new anticancer drugs due to increasing rate of cancer patients. Clinical trials of Cisplatin has been explored, however, usage of Cisplatin as a drug is limited due to its various side effects, hence, alternative to platinum based complex drugs and its analogues are needed. Iridium complexes have been attracted widespread interests by virtue of their pharmacological and photo-physical properties; however the less number of complexes was reported in the literature. In this article, a new series of novel Iridium (III) complexes were synthesized using substituted quinoline Schiff Base (SB) ligands and characterized by spectroscopic techniques. The in- vitro cyto-toxicity assay showed that the Iridium (III) complex activity is equal to standard Cisplatin. In addition, computational docking studies have shown that the prominent binding sites for synthesized complexes against HeLa cell lines, which is comparable with standard Cisplatin drugs and other Ruthenium complexes.
EVALUATION OF CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF FE DOPED COBALT OXIDE NANOPARTICLES
(Elsevier GmbH, 2022-03) Jincy, C S; Meena, P; Department of Physics; Meena, P
This contribution of work describes a new strategy for manufacturing cobalt oxide nanoparticles and the results assured that, its efficiency was increased by adding Fe ions. The anticancer drugs usually have a limited medical value owing to their nonspecific cytotoxicity. It has been proven that by using the nanosystems to deliver tablets to tumour cells reduces the toxic quality. Because of these qualities, nanoparticles can be used as a stronger rival for potent cancer treatment.
A SCIENTIFIC PHARMACOGNOSY ON GAUCHER'S DISEASE: AN IN SILICO ANALYSIS
(Springer Link, 2022-04) Amritha, Pozhaiparambil Sasikumar; SathishKumar, Ramaswamy; Sreeram, Sudhir; Amritha, Pozhaiparambil Sasikumar
From ancient times, studies on herbal medicine and pharmacognosy have increased gradually worldwide, due to the increased side effects, adverse drug reactions, and charge lines of modern medicines. Plants are well known for their medicinal effects and nutritional values. They contain bioactive compounds which display a wide spectrum of therapeutic effects. Gaucher's disease (GD) is a rare autosomal recessively inherited metabolic disorder caused due to the defect in Glucosylceramidase beta gene coding for the enzyme acid-β-glucosidase in humans. We revealed the profound binding efficiency of five selected bioactive compounds from different plants against the main enzyme acid-β-glucosidase responsible for GD through molecular docking. An in silico approach along with the ADMET profiles of phytocompounds was done using the Schrodinger software. The preventive measure of GD leads to side effects, inaccessible and unaffordable which put forth the emergence of phytocompounds which have fewer toxic effects, and one such compound is β-D-Glucopyranose with the best docking score (-10.28 kcal/mol) and an excellent binding affinity than other ligands, which could be further analyzed for stability using molecular dynamics study and in vitro. Being a dietary supplement, these compounds could be prepared in any form of formulation as a drug.
CHLORINE-FREE EXTRACTION AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CELLULOSE NANOFIBERS FROM WASTE HUSK OF MILLET (PENNISETUM GLAUCUM)
(Elsevier B.V, 2022-05) Midhun Dominic, C D; Vandita, Raj; Neenu, K V; Sabura Begum, P M; Krzysztof, Formela; Mohammad, Reza Saeb; Deepak D, Prabhu; Poornima Vijayan, P; Ajithkumar, T G; Jyotishkumar, Parameswaranpillai; Department of Chemistry; Vandita, Raj
This study aims to extract cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) from a sustainable source, i.e. millet husk, which is an agro-waste worthy of consideration. Pre-treatments such as mercerisation, steam explosion, and peroxide bleaching (chlorine-free) were applied for the removal of non-cellulosic components. The bleached millet husk pulp was subjected to acid hydrolysis (5% oxalic acid) followed by homogenization to extract CNFs. The extracted CNFs were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Thermogravimetry (TG and DTG), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Solid state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (solid state 13C NMR). The isolated CNFs show a typical cellulose type-I structure with a diameter of 10-12 nm and a crystallinity index of 58.5%. The appearance of the specific peak at 89.31 ppm in the solid state 13C NMR spectra validates the existence of the type-I cellulose phase in the prepared CNFs. The prepared CNFs had a maximum degradation temperature (Tmax) of 341 °C, that was 31 °C greater than raw millet husk (RMH). The outcome of the study implies that the nanofibers are prominent alternatives for synthetic fibers for assorted potential applications, especially in manufacturing green composites.
A CRITICAL REVIEW ON EXTRACTION AND ANALYTICAL METHODS OF PHTHALATES IN WATER AND BEVERAGES
(Elsevier B.V, 2022-07) Amritha, P S; Veena, Vinod; Harathi, P B; Department of Zoology; Harathi, P B; Amritha, P S
Phthalates (PAEs) are the class of lipophilic chemicals, which are used as additives in the manufacturing of plastics. It results in presence of PAEs in water and beverages because of their migration capacity. Their presence has attracted considerable attention due to their potential impacts on ecosystem functioning and public health. In addition, an enormous number of research articles have been published between 2000 and 2020, which have been identified and their results have been tabulated displaying PAEs analyzed, matrices, sample preparation, analytical method used, the limit of detection (LOD), and recovery percentages. Numerous sample preparation and analytical methods are found which are suitable for the reliable determination of the PAEs. The analysis of the PAEs is difficult due to their ubiquitous presence and their complexity, therefore suitable precautions, should be taken into account. In this review, we provide an overview of various pre-treatment measures and detection methods for PAEs in several types of water and beverages, mainly focusing on the last 20 years published works have been discussed. Pre-treatment methods mainly include liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), solid-phase extraction (SPE), solid-phase microextraction (SPME), liquid-phase microextraction (LPME), and many more rare techniques. Chromatographic and non-chromatographic techniques coupled with or without diodes, spectrophotometers, and detectors, have been described. The concept of "green analytical chemistry" for PAE determination has also been discussed. Hereby, the limitations and challenges in these applications are also included.
TRANSCRIPTOMICS, CHEMINFORMATICS, AND SYSTEMS PHARMACOLOGY STRATEGIES UNVEIL THE POTENTIAL BIOACTIVES TO COMBAT COVID-19
(MDPI, 2022-09) Sivakumar, Adarshan; Sakthivel, Akassh; Krishnakumar, Avinash; Mathivanan, Bharathkumar; Pandiyan, Muthuramalingam; Hyunsuk, Shin; Venkidasamy, Baskar; Jen-Tsung, Chen; Veluswamy, Bhuvaneshwari; Manikandan, Ramesh; Department of Biotechnology; Veluswamy, Bhuvaneshwari
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a viral disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and is becoming a global threat again because of the higher transmission rate and lack of proper therapeutics as well as the rapid mutations in the genetic pattern of SARS-CoV-2. Despite vaccinations, the prevalence and recurrence of this infection are still on the rise, which urges the identification of potential global therapeutics for a complete cure. Plant-based alternative medicine is becoming popular worldwide because of its higher efficiency and minimal side effects. Yet, identifying the potential medicinal plants and formulating a plant-based medicine is still a bottleneck. Hence, in this study, the systems pharmacology, transcriptomics, and cheminformatics approaches were employed to uncover the multi-targeted mechanisms and to screen the potential phytocompounds from significant medicinal plants to treat COVID-19. These approaches have identified 30 unique COVID-19 human immune genes targeted by the 25 phytocompounds present in four selected ethnobotanical plants. Differential and co-expression profiling and pathway enrichment analyses delineate the molecular signaling and immune functional regulations of the COVID-19 unique genes. In addition, the credibility of these compounds was analyzed by the pharmacological features. The current holistic finding is the first to explore whether the identified potential bioactives could reform into a drug candidate to treat COVID-19. Furthermore, the molecular docking analysis was employed to identify the important bioactive compounds; thus, an ultimately significant medicinal plant was also determined. However, further laboratory evaluation and clinical validation are required to determine the efficiency of a therapeutic formulation against COVID-19.
BIOSYNTHESIS AND BIODEGRADATION OF POLY(3-HYDROXYBUTYRATE) FROM PRIESTIA FLEXA; A PROMISING MANGROVE HALOPHYTE TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINABLE ECO-FRIENDLY BIOPLASTICS
(Elsevier GmbH, 2023-02) Nayana, Chathalingath; Joshua, Stephen Kingsly; Anbarasi, Gunasekar; Department of Biotechnology; Anbarasi, Gunasekar
The protracted persistence of petrochemical plastics in the environment and their non-biodegradability impede the survival of living creatures. Recently, biopolymers are being thoroughly researched as a potential replacement for conventional plastics. This present study sought to locate Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) synthesizing bacterial species prevalent in the mangrove ecosystem. Six halophilic bacterial isolates were obtained from the mangrove habitat, four isolates displayed superior cell dry weight as well as PHB accumulation. Isolate PMPHB5 showed the highest cell dry weight (4.92 ± 0.02 g/L), while the maximum PHA yield (80%) was found with PMPHB7. Hence, PMPHB7 was chosen for further optimization of carbon source wherein glucose demonstrated improved cell growth as well as PHB production. The characterization of the PHB granules was performed by FT-IR spectroscopy and FE-SEM EDX. The presence of characteristic elements in the sample was confirmed using EDX. Isolate PMPHB7 was further identified as Priestia flexa through 16S rRNA gene sequencing (GenBank accession number: ON362236) and a phylogenetic tree was constructed to reveal the molecular relationships of this organism with others. The solvent-cast biopolymer film was made to check the biodegradability of the extracted PHB. When buried in soil, it was found that the biopolymer film exhibited approximately 73% biodegradation after 21 days. Thus, the present study sheds light on the potential of mangrove-associated halophytes to efficiently produce PHB that is readily biodegradable in soil.
MICROBIAL DEGRADATION AND TRANSFORMATION OF PPCPS IN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT: A REVIEW
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023-07) Mathiyazhagan, Narayanan; Sabariswaran, Kandasamy; Jintae, Lee; Selvaraj, Barathi; Department of Biotechnology; Sabariswaran, Kandasamy
The Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) presence at harmful levels has been identified in aquatic ecosystems all over the world. Currently, PPCPs are more common in aquatic regions and have been discovered to be extremely harmful to aquatic creatures. Waste-water treatment facilities are the primary cause of PPCPs pollution in aquatic systems due to their limited treatment as well as the following the release of PPCPs. The degree of PPCPs elimination is primarily determined by the method applied for the remediation. It must be addressed in an eco-friendly manner in order to significantly improve the environmental quality or, at the very least, to prevent the spread as well as effects of toxic pollutants. However, when compared to other methods, environmentally friendly strategies (biological methods) are less expensive and require less energy. Most biological methods under aerobic conditions have been shown to degrade PPCPs effectively. Furthermore, the scientific literature indicates that with the exception of a few extremely hydrophobic substances, biological degradation by microbes is the primary process for the majority of PPCPs compounds. Hence, this review discusses about the optimistic role of microbe concerned in the degradation or transformation of PPCPs into non/less toxic form in the polluted environment. Accordingly, more number of microbial strains has been implicated in the biodegradation/transformation of harmful PPCPs through a process termed as bioremediation and their limitations.
POTENTIALITIES OF FLUORESCENT CARBON NANOMATERIALS AS SENSOR FOR FOOD ANALYSIS
(John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2023-07) Piyali, Sabui; Sadhucharan, Mallick; Kshitij, Rb Singh; Arunadevi, Natarajan; Ranjana, Verma; Jay, Singh; Ravindra, Pratap Singh; Department of Chemistry; Arunadevi, Natarajan
Food safety and quality are among the most significant and prevalent research areas worldwide. The fabrication of appropriate technical procedures or devices for the recognition of hazardous features in foods is essential to safeguard food materials. In the recent era, developing high-performance sensors based on carbon nanomaterial for food safety investigation has made noteworthy progress. Hence this review briefly highlights the different detection approaches (colorimetric sensor, fluorescence sensor, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, surface plasmon resonance, chemiluminescence, and electroluminescence), functional carbon nanomaterials with various dimensions (quantum dots, graphene quantum dots) and detection mechanisms. Further, this review emphasizes the assimilation of carbon nanomaterials with optical sensors to identify multiple contaminants in food products. The insights of carbon-based nanomaterials optical sensors for pesticides and insecticides, toxic metals, antibiotics, microorganisms, and mycotoxins detection are described in detail. Finally, the opportunities and future perspectives of nanomaterials-based optical analytical approaches for detecting various food contaminants are discussed.
SYNTHESIS AND PHOTOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF EFFICIENT WHITE-EMITTING PHOSPHOR OF M-AMG TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES FOR OLED APPLICATIONS
(John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2023-07) Manoharan, Swathika; Arunadevi, Natarajan; Department of Chemistry; Arunadevi, Natarajan
Progression in lighting sources mainly depended on new, robust energy-efficient diodes due to their advanced photometric properties. All organic light-emitting sources are constant energy-efficient devices and will be the light of the future. We explore the potential of transition metal complexes by focusing on cobalt(II), nickel(II), and copper (II) with aminoguanidine naphthoate as white phosphors in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The phosphors synthesized at optimized temperature were characterized structurally and thermally by spectral, thermal, and diffraction techniques. The photophysical studies of the target compound in several organic solvents having divergent polarity were also studied, and the results were exhibited. Photometric properties of the complexes were studied using photoluminescence, CIE (Commission internationale de l'éclairage) chromaticity coordinates, correlated color temperature, color purity, Duv, and TLCI (Television Lighting Consistency Index) to verify the applicability of complexes as phosphors. Excellent luminescence property with a high coloring index for (Cu(2NA-AMG-2H2 O)) opens the advanced avenue for light sources and serves as vital constituents for light-emitting diodes.
MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMER-BASED OPTICAL IMMUNOSENSORS
(John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2023-07) Kshitij, R B Singh; Arunadevi, Natarajan; Department of Chemistry; Arunadevi, Natarajan
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are artificial antibodies for a target molecule. The review focuses mainly on mechanistic steps involved in forming MIPs and the role of co-monomers and porogen. In addition, the electronic transition between different energy levels is explained with the help of the Jablonski diagram. Diverse receptor and target molecules for anchoring artificial MIPs are discussed, accentuating the synergetic effects obtained. The binding efficiency, selectivity, and sensitivity of various optical sensors are discussed intensively. In addition to this, we focused on synthesis, physical forms, characterization techniques, and microorganism detection of imprinted polymers. A brief investigation on the use of MIPs in cancer diagnosis is also included, and attention is extended to the important challenges faced in using imprinted polymers.